Douglas County

The Lawrence Massacre (also known as Quantrill's Raid) was an attack during the American Civil War (1861–65) by Quantrill's Raiders, a Confederate guerrilla group led by William Quantrill, on the Unionist town of Lawrence, Kansas, killing around 150 men and boys.

The Mycological Society of America (MSA) is a learned society that serves as the professional organization of mycologists in the U.S. and Canada. It was founded in 1932. The Society's constitution states that "The purpose of the Society is to promote and advance the science of mycology and to foster and encourage research and education in mycology in all its aspects." Members of the MSA meet annually to exchange information and build understanding of fungi.

The sacking of Lawrence occurred on May 21, 1856, when pro-slavery settlers, led by Douglas County Sheriff Samuel J. Jones, attacked and ransacked Lawrence, Kansas, a town that had been founded by anti-slavery settlers from Massachusetts who were hoping to make Kansas a free state. The incident fueled the irregular conflict in Kansas Territory that later became known as Bleeding Kansas.

The Center for International Political Analysis (CIPA) is a research center at the Policy Research Institute (PRI) at the University of Kansas. At present, the project's primary focus is to gather information regarding the nature of inter-state relations during times of conflict in several localized areas, such as the Middle East, Southern, Western, and Central Africa, and the Balkans.

The Baldwin City station, nominated as the Santa Fe Depot, is a historic railroad depot building at 1601 High Street in Baldwin City, Kansas. The depot was on the Lawrence to Ottawa line of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. It was built to replace a wood frame depot, which was deemed inadequate for the growing city. Upon the urging of the mayor of Baldwin City, the Santa Fe in 1906 simultaneously funded new depots in El Dorado, Argentine, and Baldwin City, along with a park across the street from the to be completed Baldwin City depot. Construction began in July 1906 and finished in January 1907.

The First Methodist Church of Eudora is a historic structure built in 1921–22 in Eudora, Kansas.

The Wilcox Classical Museum is a university museum in Lawrence, Kansas operated by the University of Kansas' Department of Classics. The collection, originally known simply as the "Classical Museum", was formally established in 1888, making it the oldest museum on KU's campus.

Clinton Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 531.

Fort Lane, on the crest of Mount Oread, then southwest of Lawrence, Kansas, was built by the residents of Lawrence in 1856 to serve as a lookout post to observe groups of men desiring to attack Lawrence. Lawrence was a free-state community built by northerners. From 1854 to 1861, when Kansas became a state, at times the area around Lawrence was a battleground for settlers who had come from both the northern and southern states. From this location, one could see for many miles in all directions.

The Granada Theater is a grand movie palace in Kansas City's historic downtown in Wyandotte County, Kansas. The theater is designed in the Mission style with Spanish and Moorish influences. Dominating the facade is a large Palladian window, flanked by terracotta pieces. Below the window is the main entrance, which centers on a glass ticket booth. The eastern and western ends of the facade's first floor are occupied by small storefronts.

Grant Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 442.

Haskell Memorial Stadium is a stadium located on the campus of Haskell Indian Nations University in Lawrence, Kansas. It was the home venue to the Haskell football team until 2015 when the university cut the program due to financial problems.

The Haskell-Baker Wetlands (also known as the Baker Wetlands) is a nature preserve and artificially sustained wetland, spanning approximately 927 acres (3.8 km²) south of Lawrence, Kansas, United States. It is associated with the Wakarusa River and sustained by levees and flood controls built in the 1990s.

KANU is the flagship station of Kansas Public Radio (KPR), a seven-station network based in Lawrence at the University of Kansas. In addition to KANU (91.5 FM), KPR also operates full-power stations KANH in Emporia (at 89.7 FM), KANV in Olsburg (at 91.3 FM, serving Manhattan and Junction City), and KANQ in Chanute (at 90.3 FM); and low-power translators K210CR in Atchison (at 89.9 FM), and K258BT (99.5 FM) and K250AY (97.9 FM) in Manhattan.

KJTY is a non-commercial Christian FM radio station in Topeka, Kansas, operating on 88.1 MHz. The station broadcasts with 75,000 watts from a 768-foot tower giving it a strong signal throughout eastern Kansas.

KKSW (105.9 MHz) is a radio station in Lawrence, Kansas, broadcasting to the Topeka and Kansas City areas. The station offers a Top 40/CHR format. Studios are located on West 6th Street in Lawrence, and its transmitter is located west of Lecompton.

KLWN (1320 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information format. It is licensed to Lawrence, Kansas, United States. The station is currently owned by Great Plains Media, Inc. and features programming from Fox News Radio, Fox Sports Radio, Compass Media Networks, Premiere Networks, and Westwood One.

Kansas Crew is the co-ed college rowing club for the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The club is located on a 5,000 meter stretch of the Kansas River. Kansas Crew was established in 1977.

The Kansas Turnpike Bridges are a pair of multi-beam girder bridge that carry the Kansas Turnpike and Interstate 70 over the Kansas River at Lawrence, Kansas.

Kanwaka is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. It is located four miles west of Lawrence. The name is a portmanteau of the Kansas and Wakarusa Rivers.

Lake View is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. It is located one mile north of Lawrence.

Lane University was a college located in Lecompton, Kansas, United States. It was founded in 1865 by Rev. Solomon Weaver, the first president, and was named after U.S. Senator James H. Lane. Jim Lane was a main free-state leader, and Lecompton was previously the capital of the opposing pro-slavery faction. Local tradition notes that a funding drive to construct the university promised to name it after the major contributor. Allegedly, James H. Lane made the largest pledge, received the namesake honor, and then died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound before he could carry out his promise.

Lawrence USD 497 is a public unified school district headquartered in Lawrence, Kansas, United States. The district includes the communities of Lawrence (most), Clinton, Pleasant Grove, and nearby rural areas. It was organized in 1965 and currently serves 11,427 students from pre-Kindergarten to grade 12 and maintains an early childhood center (pre-k), 13 elementary schools, four middle schools, two high schools, a K-12 virtual school, and an adult learning center.

KNBU (89.7 FM; "The Edge") was a non-profit educational radio station licensed to Baldwin City, Kansas, United States. The station was owned and operated by Baker University.

The S. T. Zimmerman House is a historic house in Lawrence, Kansas. It was built c. 1870 in Lawrence, Kansas by mill owner S. T. Zimmerman. The Second Empire house is unique in the area for its style. The two-story brick house features a square tower, arched window openings, a bell-cast mansard roof, and extensive wrought iron detailing. The exterior has seen little alteration. The interior is altered in places but substantially intact.

Studio 804 is a graduate level architecture design studio developed by Professor Dan Rockhill at the University of Kansas. The course is distinguished from typical architecture studios in that it is a design-build studio in which the students work collaboratively to not only design a project but to actually construct it. Studio 804 is a two-semester, 9 month commitment. During the first semester students work collectively to determine a client for the next project. Once a client is established, students usually have 2 months to design the project beginning with the Schematic Design phase and seeing it through to Construction Documents. The second semester usually begins in early January to start off the building process. One home is built by Studio 804 annually.

Lawrence's Downtown Historic District comprises the commercial core of Lawrence, Kansas. The district comprises areas along Massachusetts Street between 6th Street and South Park Street. Nearly all of the contributing structures are masonry commercial buildings, typically with display windows at street level and smaller windows at upper levels. Four properties are individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places: Old Lawrence City Hall, the old Douglas County Courthouse, the Eldridge House Hotel, and the US Post Office-Lawrence. The district includes a total of 136 resources, 99 of which are considered to contribute to the district.

Little is known about Fort Wakarusa, which was built by free-state partisans between 1855 and 1857. Historian William E. Connelley drew a map in the 1920s that located the fort on the north side of the Wakarusa River, at Blue Jacket's Crossing. The town of Sebastian, Kansas, was on the south side of the river. Considering that the area is very flat and that there are some meander scars showing that the river has changed course various times, the site of Fort Wakarusa may today be on the south side of the river. The fort was located about midway between Lawrence, Kansas, and Eudora, Kansas.

Franklin is a ghost town in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. Established as a proslavery stronghold, the town played a key role in the "Bleeding Kansas" conflict that troubled the territory in the 1850s.

Franklin's Fort was a small fortification that had been erected in Franklin, Douglas County, Kansas by pro-slavery settlers. During the "Bleeding Kansas" period, the fort was the site of two minor battles between pro- and anti-slavery factions.

Rev. John E. Stewart, a free stater, moved about four miles southeast of Lawrence, Kansas, about 1859. Stewart made a land claim on the south side of the Wakarusa River, at a horseshoe bend. Here he built a fortress home, which became known as Stewart's Fort. Not much is known about the fort, other than it was surrounded by brush and was secluded and it had some sort of defensive walls surrounding it.

Belvoir is a ghost town in Douglas County, Kansas, United States.

Lapeer is a ghost town in Douglas County, Kansas, United States.

Media is a ghost town in Douglas County, Kansas, United States.

The School of Architecture & Design (ArcD) is a professional school of the University of Kansas (KU) with programs in architecture and design.

Louisiana (also known as Brooklyn and Salem) is a ghost town in Douglas County, Kansas, United States.

John Allen Wakefield and his family was one of the first settlers to come to the newly created Kansas Territory. Free soilers, they arrived in western Douglas County, Kansas, in July 1854, one month after the territory was opened to settlement. They built a large log house to serve primarily as their living quarters. It had six rooms and was 6 miles (9.7 km) west of the free-state stronghold of Lawrence, Kansas. For protection the family built loop holes for guns into the sides of the house.

Fort Titus was the fortress residence of pro-slavery advocate Henry T. Titus, built in Kansas in April 1856, during a period when forces aligned with Titus came into conflict with free-state settlers. The wider conflict, which emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas, became known as Bleeding Kansas.

Massachusetts Street (often referred to colloquially as either Mass Street or Mass) is the main street that runs through the central business district of downtown Lawrence, Kansas. It begins just south of the Kansas River at Sixth Street and continues south until reaching Haskell Indian Nations University. The street was given its name by members of the New England Emigrant Aid Company, most of whom were from the state of Massachusetts. In 2014, Mass Street was named the most popular tourist attraction in Kansas by TripAdvisor.

McCook Field was a stadium in Lawrence, Kansas. It hosted the University of Kansas Jayhawks football team until they moved to Memorial Stadium in 1921. The stadium held 15,000 people at its peak and was opened in 1892. The stadium was financed by John James McCook. The Jayhawks current stadium, David Booth Kansas Memorial Stadium, was built at the site of McCook Field.

The Midland Railway was a heritage railroad operating 16 miles of line in Franklin County and Douglas County in Kansas between Ottawa, Kansas and Baldwin City, Kansas.

Mount Oread is a hill in Lawrence, Kansas, upon which the University of Kansas, and parts of the city of Lawrence, Kansas, are located. It sits on the water divide between the Kansas River and the Wakarusa River. It was named after the long defunct Oread Institute in Worcester, Massachusetts, where many of the settlers of Lawrence moved from prior to the American Civil War. The hill was originally called Hogback Ridge by many Lawrence residents until the Oread name was adopted in 1864, two years after the university was founded.

Lawrence, Kansas was not well defended in the early part of the Civil War. That ended with William Quantrill's devastating guerrilla raid August 21, 1863. By early 1864 Union soldiers were permanently camped on the top and slopes of Mount Oread, then to Lawrence's southwest. It seems the camp was originally named Camp Ewing, after Brig. Gen. Thomas Ewing.

The Outhouse was a hardcore punk music venue located east of Lawrence, Kansas, United States, on 15th Street. Original shows listed the venue as Past the Pavement Hall, being as the county pavement ended about 3/4 of a mile from the building.

Palmyra Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of 2000 census, its population was 5,760.

Prairie City is a ghost town in southeast Douglas County, Kansas, United States, near present-day Baldwin City.

The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR) is an international herpetological society. It is a non-profit organization supporting education, conservation, and research related to reptiles and amphibians. Regular publications include the Journal of Herpetology and Herpetological Review. It is the largest international herpetological society, and is recognized worldwide for having the most diverse program of publications, meetings, and other activities.

Twin Mound is a ghost town in western Douglas County, Kansas, United States. It was named for two natural mounds that rise gently from the landscape.

The U.S. 40 and 59 Bridges are twin multi-beam girder bridges over the Kansas River at Lawrence, Kansas. The west bridge carries two lanes of southbound traffic, connecting to Vermont Street, while the east bridge carries two lanes of northbound traffic from Massachusetts Street. Both bridges converge on the north end to become North 2nd Street. The east bridge is also the third bridge to be built at this location.

The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and has more than 100 faculty members and approximately 1500 students.

The University of Kansas School of Engineering, founded in 1891 is the oldest Engineering School in the State of Kansas, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873. It is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas.

The University of Kansas School of Law is the law school of the University of Kansas, a public research university in Lawrence, Kansas. The University of Kansas Law School was founded in 1893, replacing the earlier Department of Law, which had existed since 1878. The school has more than 60 faculty members and approximately 315 students. The school is accredited by the American Bar Association and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools.

Veritas Christian School is a private, classical Christian school located in Lawrence, Kansas, United States. It is non-denominational and is supported by the tuition and donations from students and alumni. Veritas is a member of the Association of Classical and Christian Schools (ACCS) and a member of the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI).

Vinland Grange Hall, in Vinland, Kansas, United States, was built in 1884. It historically served as a meeting hall and as a business. It was listed, for its architecture, on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Vinland Presbyterian Church is a historic church in Baldwin, Kansas. Its Gothic Revival style building was constructed in 1879 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

The Bowersock Dam is a run-of-river dam on the Kansas River in Lawrence, Kansas. Constructed in 1874 to provide mechanical power, it now hosts the only hydroelectric plant in the state of Kansas. The dam, which is 655 feet long and approximately 17.08 feet tall, supplies water to two hydroelectric powerhouses, which have a combined installed capacity of seven megawatts. It impounds a 423-acre reservoir, which is used for recreation and as a water source for one of Lawrence's water treatment plants.

Simmons Point Station is the name of a house near the unincorporated settlement of Globe in Marion Township, Douglas County, Kansas, United States. The building was constructed in the 1880s as a way station for travelers on the Santa Fe Trail, and it was run by Phillip and Elmira Dodder Simmons.

The Chewning House in Lawrence, Kansas was built in 1936. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

Robinson Gymnasium was the first true gymnasium for the University of Kansas (KU) in Lawrence, Kansas and home to the Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball program from 1907 to 1927. It was designed by James Naismith at a cost of $100,000. The creation of the modern facilities were led by Naismith and Chancellor Frank Strong. Naismith wanted the gymnasium not just for basketball but also for his other physical education classes and sports activities. The gymnasium was named after Charles L. Robinson, who was the first Governor of Kansas, and his wife Sara Tappan Doolittle Robinson, both as thanks for their service and to make amends for what Sara perceived to be excessive pressure on her nephew to sell 51 acres (21 ha) of land to KU at a below-market price. Construction began in 1905 and was completed in May 1907.

Wakarusa Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,318.

Marion Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 836.

Willow Springs Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,409.

The skirmish near Brooklyn, Kansas was a skirmish of the American Civil War on August 21, 1863, between Quantrill's Raiders and pursuing Union forces immediately after the Lawrence massacre. James Henry Lane led a small group of survivors of the massacre in pursuit of Quantrill's men, and were joined by a force of about 200 Union Army cavalrymen, commanded by Major Preston B. Plumb. Lane's and Plumb's men fought with Quantrill's Raiders to the south of the town of Brooklyn, Kansas, which the raiders had burned. The Confederates began to panic, but a charge led by George Todd halted the Union pursuit. Quantrill's men escaped across the state line into Missouri and then scattered; a few were later caught and executed.