1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak (Q2035019)

The Broad Street cholera outbreak (or Golden Square outbreak) was a severe outbreak of cholera that occurred in 1854 near Broad Street (now Broadwick Street) in the Soho district of the City of Westminster, London, England, and occurred during the 1846–1860 cholera pandemic happening worldwide. This outbreak, which killed 616 people, is best known for the physician John Snow's study of its causes and his hypothesis that germ-contaminated water was the source of cholera, rather than particles in the air (referred to as "miasma"). This discovery came to influence public health and the construction of improved sanitation facilities beginning in the mid-19th century. Later, the term "focus of infection" started to be used to describe sites, such as the Broad Street pump, in which conditions are good for transmission of an infection. Snow's endeavour to find the cause of the transmission of cholera caused him to unknowingly create a double-blind experiment.

L'épidémie de choléra de Broad Street est une épidémie de choléra qui est survenue en 1854 près de Broad Street (aujourd'hui Broadwick Street (en)) à Soho (Londres). Il s'agit d'un épisode de la troisième pandémie de choléra, surtout connu pour les recherches de John Snow à son sujet et sa découverte de la transmission du choléra par l'eau contaminée. Cette découverte a amené des changements significatifs dans la santé publique par, notamment, la construction d'installations sanitaires améliorées.